| 1. In 2020, the price of a product increases by 10% as compared to that in 2019. By what percentage is its price in 2019 less than that in 2020? | Easy |
| A. (100/11)% B. (122/11)% C. (144/11)% D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let the price in 2019 = 100
Then the price in 2020 = 100*1.1 = 110
-> Required percentage = (100-110)/(110)*100 = -(100/11)% or -9.09%
Then the price in 2020 = 100*1.1 = 110
-> Required percentage = (100-110)/(110)*100 = -(100/11)% or -9.09%
| 2. P earns Rs. 20 more than Q and saves 20% of his income, while Q saves 30% of her salary. The amount saved by P, is however, 50% more than the amount saved by Q. What is the income of P? | Easy |
| A. 16 B. 36 C. 26 D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Let Q earn Rs. x, then P earns x+20
From the information in the question,
0.2(x+20) = 1.5(0.3x)
-> 0.2x+4 = 0.45x
-> 0.25x = 4
-> x = 16
Q earns Rs. 16, and P earns Rs. 36
| 3. A school has 2000 students, out of which 40% of the students are in higher secondary. Out of the students in the higher secondary, 28% are girls and 50% of them passed. The overall pass percentage in the higher secondary is 40%. How many boys passed? | Easy |
| A. 576 B. 112 C. 208 D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Number of students in higher secondary = 0.4 * 2000 = 800
Number of students who passed in higher secondary = 0.4 * 800 = 320
Out of 800 students, number of girls = 0.28*800 = 224; number of boys = 800 – 224 = 576
Now, 50% girls passed -> 112 girls passed
-> Number of boys who passed = 320 – 112 = 208
Number of students who passed in higher secondary = 0.4 * 800 = 320
Out of 800 students, number of girls = 0.28*800 = 224; number of boys = 800 – 224 = 576
Now, 50% girls passed -> 112 girls passed
-> Number of boys who passed = 320 – 112 = 208
| 4. In an election contested by two, the winner gets 55% of the valid votes and wins by a majority of 600 votes. If 80% of the votes were valid, what was the number of invalid votes? | Easy |
| A. 6000 B. 7500 C. 2500 D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let the number of valid votes be x, and the total number of votes be y.
Then, 0.55x – 0.45x = 600 -> x = 6000
Now, 0.8y = 6000 -> y = 7500
Invalid votes = 7500 – 6000 = 1500
| 5. A family has four earning members A, B, C, D. In 2019, their respective shares in the total family incomes are 25%, 35%, 10% and 30%. They spend 30% of the total income and save the remaining. In 2020, A’s salary went up by 20%, B’s salary increased by 20%, C’s salary decreased by 10% and D’s salary decreased by 20%. I. In 2020, what percent of the total income should they spend to save the same amount as in 2019? II. The total income increases further by 20% in 2021 solely due to an increase in A’s salary. What should be the percentage increase in A’s salary from 2020 to 2021? |
Difficult |
| A. I – 33.33%, II – 70% B. I – 67.77%, II – 70% C. I – 33.33%, II – 40% D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
I.
| A | B | C | D | Spent | Saved | Total Income | |
| 2019 | 25 | 35 | 10 | 30 | 30 | 70 | 100 |
| 2020 | 25*1.2 = 30 | 35*1.2 = 42 | 10*0.9 = 9 | 30*0.8 = 24 | 35 | 70 | =30+42+
9+24=105 |
| 2021 | 51 (30+21) | = 105*1.2
= 126 |
If they save the same amount, saving = Rs. 70 and spent = Rs. 35
%age spent = (35/105)*100 = 33.33%
II. In 2021 total income becomes 105*0.2 = 126
A’s salary increase will be the same as the overall salary increase as compared to 2020 = 126-105 = 21 -> A’s salary becomes 30+21 = 51
% increase in A’s salary = ((51-30)/30)*100 = (21/30)*100 = 70%
A’s salary increase will be the same as the overall salary increase as compared to 2020 = 126-105 = 21 -> A’s salary becomes 30+21 = 51
% increase in A’s salary = ((51-30)/30)*100 = (21/30)*100 = 70%
| 6. An author writes only six books – A, B, C, D, E, F – in this order. The number of pages in each consecutive book is 20% more than in the previous book. If the number of pages in book E is 1152 more than in book D, how many pages were there in book B? | Medium |
| A. 4000 B. 3000 C. 2400 D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
| Vol. | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Pages | 100 | 120 | 144 | 172.8 | 207.36 | 248.832 |
Let the number of pages in book A be 100, then the pages in subsequent books are shown in the above table.
From the information in the question, the number of pages in book E is 1152 more than in book D. However, if the number of pages in book B is 120, then this difference = 207.36 – 172.8 = 34.56
Hence, if the difference is 1152, then the number of pages in book B = (1152/34.56)*120 = 4000
| 7. The price of salt increased by 30% and a household reduced the consumption of salt by 30%. What was the effect of this reduction on the expenditure on salt? | Easy |
| A. 9% increase B. 9% decrease C. 7% decrease D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Expenditure (E) = Price (P) *Consumption (C)
Let P and C be equal to 10 each, then E = P*C = 10*10 = 100
P increases by 30% -> Increased P = 10*1.3 = 13
C decreases by 30% -> Reduced C = 10*0.7 = 7
Thus, new E = 13*7 = 91
Reduction in E = 100-91 = 9
% reduction in E = (9/100)*100 = 9%
| 8. The wheat production in 2019 was 2000 tonnes, which was 25% of the total food grain production that year. In the next year, wheat production decreased by 4%, but as a percentage of total food grain production, it increased by five percentage points. What is the percentage change in the total food grain production in 2020 compared to 2019? | Difficult |
| A. 15% decrease B. 20% decrease C. 25% decrease D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Production of wheat in 2019 = 2000 tonnes
Total food grain production in 2019 = 2000/0.25 = 8000 tonnes
In 2020, production of wheat = 2000*0.96 = 1920 tonnes
Production of wheat as a percentage of total food grain production = 25% +5% = 30% (increase here is in terms of percentage points, and not 25*1.05)
Let the total food grain production in 2020 be x
-> (1920/x)*100 = 30
-> x = 6400
% change in total wheat production = ((6400-8000)/8000)*100 = -20%
| 9. If the success rate of the Indian cricket team in England was 30% out of 70 matches, and they lost the next 15 matches, what is the minimum number of additional matches they must play to achieve an overall success rate of 60%? | Medium |
| A. 70 B. 75 C. 65 D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Matches won out of 70 = 30% of 70 = 21
Now, India lost the next 15 matches
-> India won 21 matches from 85.
Suppose India plays x more matches. For x to be minimum, it is assumed that India won all these x matches
-> (21+x)/(85+x) = 3/5
-> x = 75
| 10. An employee working in a sales organization must decide between two remuneration schemes. The first scheme offers a fixed salary of Rs 3900 and a 3% commission on sales exceeding Rs. 50000. The second scheme does not offer a fixed salary but only a commission. The commission rate starts at 4% for the first Rs. 50000 (or part thereof) of sales and increases by 1 percentage point for every additional Rs. 50000 (or part thereof) of sales, up to a maximum of 20% of sales. At what sales value (in rupees) would the employee have the same remuneration (in rupees) from both schemes, and what would that amount be? | Difficult |
| A. 130000, 6300 B. 140000, 6400 C. 120000, 6200 D. None of these |
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
| Sales Amount (Rs.) | Scheme1 | Scheme 2 |
| First 50,000 | 3900 | 4% of 50,000 = 2000 |
| Second 50, 000 | (0.03*50000) = 1500 | 5% of 50,000 = 2500 |
| First 1,00,000 | =3900+1500=5400 | =2000+2500= 4500 |
| Up to 150000 | 5400+ (0.03*50000) = 6900 | 4500 + (6% of 50000)
= 4500+3000 = 7500 |
From the above table, we conclude that for some value of sales between 1 lac & 1.5 lac, the income from both the schemes is the same. Let that value of sales be Rs x above 100000.
-> 5400+(3%of x) = 4500 + (6% of x)
-> 900 = 3% of x
x = 900/0.03 = 30000
Therefore, minimum value of sales = 100000+30000 = 130000
Remuneration = 5400 + (3% of 30000) = 6300